Inventory Management
Simply explanation: Managing the stock of material on qty and value basis is known as Inventory Management.
Whether Inventory is required or not for the material is controlled at material type and valuation area (plant) level.
In OMS2, Configuration required for each material type qty and value updating at valuation area level.
Case 1: If both Qty and Value update indicators are selected then PO can be raise for stock purpose and at GR material can be placed in store on qty basis and this Qty means stock value will be updated in inventory or stock G/L account.
Case 2: If qty update selected and value update not selected for material type at valuation area level, These material type related materials must procure for consumption Purpose. Means you should select account assignment category in PR and PO. At GR, received material is placed in store on qty basis but material value will be booked in relevant consumption G/L account but not in stock or inventory g/l account.
Inventory Management scenario’s can be defined as 1) Goods Receipt 2) Goods Issue 3) Stock Transfer 4)Transfer Posting
Characteristics of Goods Movements:
1) At least one material document will be generated and if goods movement is relevant to FI then accounting document to be generate.
2) Stock and Stock Value and Consumption Value may increase or decrease based on the goods movement.
3) If GR is entered against PO then PO history to be updated in Display PO.
4) Total value and Total stock, Moving average price to be updated (may be increase or decrease) in Material Master.
5) If Quality Management views are maintained with required fields, then when you completed the GR or GI, inspection lot to be generated when you run in QA32 , Based on Usage decision stock to be accepted or Rejected.
Sample process for Goods Receipt, Goods Issue, Stock Transfer, Transfer Posting.
Goods Receipts: 1) GR w.r.t Po for raw material
2) GR w.r.t Production order for finished Product.
3) GR With out for Production order
4) GR with out Purchase Order.
Goods Issue: 1) GI w.r.t Production order for raw material.
2) GI w.r.t sales order for finished product
3) GI to cost center or to plant maintenance.
4) GI to Scrap.
Stock Transfer: 1) Plant to plant stock transfer with in the company code.
2)From plant to plant across company code.
3)Store to Store stock transfer
Transfer Posting: 1) Unrestricted ⟺ QI ⟺ Blocked
Account Determination: (MM & FI Integration)
With this account determination Configuration settings,system will determine a suitable G/L account while posting GR (or) GI etc.
1) Account Determination with out wizard
I explained simply in one diagram, it is use full to remember the Process. Below I explained step by step.
1st Part:
Chart of account includes G/L accounts. This chart of account to be assigned to one company code or multiple company codes.
Note: Similar account determination required plants are grouped together and assigned to a valuation grouping code and then account determination will be configured at valuation grouping code level.
Step 1: Define Valuation Control (OMWM)
Here need to activate valuation grouping code.
For account determination, you can group together valuation area by activating the valuation grouping code.
Step 2: Group together valuation area.(OMWD)
here you assigned the valuation grouping code with combination of company code and chart of account and valuation area (plant) combination. If suppose similar account determination required plants are grouped together , here you can assign same valuation grouping code to multiple plants (or) multiple valuation areas.
2nd Part:
Material type and Account category reference and Valuation class.
Step 3: Define Valuation Classes.(OMSK)
In this step, you define which valuation classes are allowed for a material type.
So I am not going to this detailed. As account category reference is main controller and Mediator for material type and valuation class.
There is no direct configuration between material type and valuation class. Account category elaborates which material types related materials can be choose the which valuation classes.
You should enter this valuation class in material master.
3rd Part:
Step 4: Define Account Grouping for Movement types (OMWN)
Note: It is not possible to define new valuation string and new transaction event keys but account modifiers are editable with any movement type, for GBB or PRD or KON transaction keys are triggering then only account modifier also triggers.
Based on movement type system is triggering a valuation string and this valuation string is again triggers several transaction keys. but few transaction keys again triggers account modifiers or account grouping code also.
Below are the transaction event keys relevant account modifiers
GBB ⇨ BSA,INV,VBO,VBR,VNG,ZOB
PRD ⇨ PRA,PRE,PRU
KON ⇨ PIP
Step 5: Configure Automatic Postings (OBYC)
In this step, you enter the system settings for inventory management and invoice verification transactions for automatic postings to G/L account.
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